Derived from living or once-living materials, these focus on long-term soil health rather than just a quick nutrient spike.

• Animal-Based: Farmyard manure (FYM), poultry litter, bone meal, fish emulsion, and bat guano.

   

• Plant-Based: Compost, seaweed extracts, oil cakes (like neem or mustard cake), and "green manure" (crops grown specifically to be plowed back into the soil).

   

• Vermicompost: Nutrient-rich compost produced by the breakdown of organic matter by earthworms.